Iran’s hardline Kayhan newspaper on Saturday criticized Pakistan’s participation in the newly signed Mecca Joint Defense Agreement, arguing that the pact conflicts with Islamabad’s established role as an intermediary in US-Iran diplomatic efforts. Editor Hossein Shariatmadari contended that the mutual defense clause, under which an attack on one signatory is considered an attack on all three, undermines Pakistan’s neutrality in ongoing talks. The Arab Times report from Tehran detailed how the criticism centers on whether Islamabad can balance its new commitments with mediation between Iran and the United States that has continued since earlier this year.
Shariatmadari pointed to Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif’s praise for US President Donald Trump alongside Islamabad’s involvement in a separate Red Sea and Bab al-Mandab security initiative as evidence of alignment with parties confronting Iran and the Houthis. He portrayed both the defense pact and the maritime framework as ultimately directed against Iran and its regional allies, according to the published editorial. The assessment arrives as Pakistan has maintained backchannel communications between the two sides amid a fragile regional environment.
Saudi and Turkish officials have described the Mecca Joint Defense Agreement as strictly defensive in nature and not aimed at any particular country. Their statements followed the pact’s signing and sought to address concerns raised in Iranian media circles. The agreement has nonetheless prompted a range of reactions across the region since its recent conclusion.
The pact has triggered additional debate inside Iran over its possible military ramifications. Hesameddin Ashena, a former adviser to President Hassan Rouhani, assessed that the arrangement could reshape regional conflict rules by lessening the deterrent value of threats against Persian Gulf states. Ashena warned that the deal might heighten the likelihood of Turkey and Pakistan becoming directly engaged if Saudi Arabia faces an attack, the Iranian analysis indicated.
An analysis by the Chicago Council on Global Affairs noted that Pakistan emerged as a central mediator in the 2026 US-Iran crisis, facilitating a ceasefire in April and hosting initial talks in Islamabad. The country has long managed Iran’s interests section at its embassy in Washington, a channel dating to 1979 that has supported its intermediary function, according to the think tank’s review. This diplomatic track record has positioned Islamabad as a repeated conduit for messages between the parties.
A Stimson Center report from April highlighted that Pakistan’s mediation efforts stem from efforts to avert spillover risks to its own security and economy given its proximity to the conflict areas. Pakistani officials have continued to call for restraint from both Washington and Tehran through the summer. The process, while strained at times, has involved coordination with other regional actors including Qatar to sustain dialogue.









